vaccine
Definitions
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WordNet 3.6
- n vaccine immunogen consisting of a suspension of weakened or dead pathogenic cells injected in order to stimulate the production of antibodies
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Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary
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Interesting fact: The word vaccine comes from the Latin word "vacca," which means cow. This name was chosen beacause the first vaccination was derived from cowpox which was given to a boy
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- Vaccine (Computers) A program designed to protect a computer from software viruses, by detecting and or eliminating them.
- Vaccine any preparation used to render an organism immune to some disease, by inducing or increasing the natural immunity mechanisms. Prior to 1995, such preparations usually contained killed organisms of the type for which immunity was desired, and sometimes used live organisms having attenuated virulence. Since that date, preparations containing only specific antigenic portions of the pathogenic organism have also been used. Some of these are prepared by genetic engineering techniques.
- Vaccine Of or pertaining to a vaccine or vaccination.
- Vaccine Of or pertaining to cows; pertaining to, derived from, or caused by, vaccinia; as, vaccine virus; the vaccine disease.
- Vaccine The virus of vaccinia used in vaccination.
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Century Dictionary and Cyclopedia
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Interesting fact: Dr. Maurice R. Hilleman is considered to be the godfather of the modern vaccine era. Having created nearly three dozen vaccines - more than any other scientist, Hilleman is also credited with saving more lives than any other scientist. Probably best known for his preventive vaccine for mumps, Hilleman has also developed vaccines for measles, rubella, chicken pox, bacterial meningitis, flu and hepatitis B.
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- vaccine Of or pertaining to cows; derived from cows: as, the vaccine disease, or cowpox.
- vaccine Of or relating to vaccinia or vaccination.
- n vaccine The virus of cowpox or vaccinia, used in the process of vaccination as a preventive of smallpox. Two varieties of vaccine are in use: namely, the bovine, that which is obtained directly from the heifer, and the humanized, or that which is obtained from vesicles on the human subject. The vaccinia following inoculation with bovine virus is usually attended with more pronounced local inflammation and constitutional symptoms than is that produced by the humanized lymph. Vaccine, as employed for vaccination, is prepared in the shape of dried lymph on quills or small flat pieces of bone or ivory, of fluid lymph in closed capillary glass tubes, and of crusts. Also called vaccine lymph, matter, or virus.
- n vaccine In a general sense, the modified virus of any specific disease introduced into the body by inoculation, with a view to prevent or mitigate a threatened attack of that disease or to confer immunity against subsequent attacks.
- n vaccine Also vaccin.
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Chambers's Twentieth Century Dictionary
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Interesting fact: Dr. Jonas Salk developed the vaccine for polio in 1952, in New York (aaah!).
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- adj Vaccine pertaining to or derived from cows: of or relating to vaccinia or vaccination
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Quotations
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“Vaccination is the medical sacrament corresponding to baptism.”
Etymology
Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary
L. vaccinus, fr. vacca, a cow; cf. Skr. vāç, to bellow, to groan
Chambers's Twentieth Century Dictionary
L. vaccīnus—vacca, a cow.
Usage
In literature:
The very next week my man-servant was seized with it, after vaccination of course.
"Yesterdays with Authors" by James T. Fields
I still have the mark where I was vaccinated by my master.
"Slave Narratives: A Folk History of Slavery in the United States" by Work Projects Administration
He was a vegetarian, a total abstainer, and enemy of tobacco, vaccination, and vivisection.
"A Short Biographical Dictionary of English Literature" by John W. Cousin
Among other advantages which the Shoshones derived from our missionaries, was the introduction of vaccination.
"Monsieur Violet" by Frederick Marryat
This indicated that Augustus Baird had not been vaccinated.
"Love Stories" by Mary Roberts Rinehart
Vaccination was not practised in India in those days.
"Rambles and Recollections of an Indian Official" by William Sleeman
How bitterly vaccination was fought even by ministers of the Gospel.
"T. De Witt Talmage" by T. De Witt Talmage
He alleges that in the month of February, 1862, he was vaccinated with impure virus and in the same month contracted mumps.
"A Compilation of the Messages and Papers of the Presidents" by Grover Cleveland
It was to be a sort of preventive application, very much as vaccination now is administered to ward off dreaded disease.
"The Boy and the Sunday School" by John L. Alexander
I should say the vaccination was thorough.
"Miss McDonald" by Mary J. Holmes
The place has been too well vaccinated.
"The Clarion" by Samuel Hopkins Adams
I sent to a very successful alfalfa grower in Ohio for a thousand pounds of soil from one of his fields, to vaccinate my field with.
"The Fat of the Land" by John Williams Streeter
On these two days I vaccinate sixty-three persons.
"Life and Labors of Elder John Kline, the Martyr Missionary" by John Kline
Some people tell me that by vaccinating him I shall ward off the distemper.
"The Gentleman's Model Letter-writer" by Anonymous
At Buenos Ayres, where the vaccination laws are stricter than anywhere else, the small-pox is extremely rare.
"Narrative of the Circumnavigation of the Globe by the Austrian Frigate Novara, Volume I" by Karl Ritter von Scherzer
They were all vaccinated to prevent the spread of the disease among them.
"History of Halifax City" by Thomas B. Akins
They are generally vaccinated on the tip of the nose.
"Donahoe's Magazine, Vol. XV, No. 4, April, 1886" by Various
In the year 1808, while vaccinating children, I caught the itch from one of them.
"New, Old, and Forgotten Remedies: Papers by Many Writers" by Various
The Royal Jennerian Society having failed, the national vaccine establishment was founded, for the extension of vaccination, in 1808.
"Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 15, Slice 3" by Various
This young lady had been twice vaccinated.
"Every Man his own Doctor" by R. T. Claridge
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In poetry:
Oh, that land of plague and pestilence
Where the natives die in shoals
And they have to vaccinate them
Till their torsos' filled with holes.
Where the natives die in shoals
And they have to vaccinate them
Till their torsos' filled with holes.
"Mandalay 1" by Billy Bennett
“Those wedding bells shall not ring out!”
She cried - all agitated
“For her name is not Dick Whittington
And she hasn’t been vaccinated.”
She cried - all agitated
“For her name is not Dick Whittington
And she hasn’t been vaccinated.”
"The Wedding That Never Was" by Billy Bennett
In news:
The human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine is generally safe, but may increase the risk of fainting and skin infections shortly after vaccination, a new study finds.
FFF Enterprises, FluMist, flu vaccine nasal spray, flu vaccine, flu immunizations, MedImmune, Patrick Schmidt, VaxAmerica, FFF Specialty Pharmacy, NuFACTOR, AstraZeneca.
Flu and whooping cough vaccines are just two of the vaccines available to adults that are underused in Maryland and across the nation.
Hepatitis B Vaccination Coverage in Newborns and Vaccine Supply Policy.
Children 12- to15-months old may be given a mumps vaccine, which is usually part of the 'M-M-R' combination, a vaccine for measles, mumps , and rubella (roo-BELL-uh).
A new Mycoplasmal pneumonia vaccine can be given alone or in combination with a circovirus vaccine.
The Bay County Health Department continued the community's H1N1 Flu vaccination campaign by delivering over 1000 doses of H1N1 Flu vaccine to local obstetricians and pediatricians this week.
Mercer County Health Department ran out of flu vaccine Thursday as nearly 500 people, mostly children, were vaccinated throughout the day.
The Italian Medicines Agency lifted a temporary hold on the use of Novartis seasonal influenza vaccines in Italy after affirming the vaccines' safety and efficacy.
GSK, who has worked with the US Department of Health and Human Services in developing the H5N1 vaccine, is hoping the agency will move forward on the panel's approval to stockpile the vaccine.
Anchorage schools offer free flu vaccine, vaccinate 7,000 so far.
"Because of this, flu vaccines are updated from one season to the next, which is why the CDC recommends getting vaccinated every year.".
"Because of this, flu vaccines are updated from one season to the next, which is why the CDC recommends getting vaccinated every year".
Norman recommends vaccinating horses that have not yet been vaccinated this year to help protect them through the fall mosquito months.
Middle and high school students must be vaccinated against tetanus, diphtheria and acellular pertussis - the DTaP or Tdap vaccines - according to state requirements.
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In science:
If a vertex is vaccinated it becomes unable to spread the disease; a vaccination strategy is a way to ensure that the subgraph induced by the unvaccinated vertices has only small components (relative to the total population).
Dismantling sparse random graphs
In order to estimate the strength of CQ5 , one has to count how many experts who have made a statement believe that MMR vaccine causes autism, and how many support the opposite conclusion (figure 2).
Using Semantic Wikis for Structured Argument in Medical Domain
Oz user against eating meat, 2) data: ”List all the arguments posted from yesterday against vaccinate against MMR, or 3) location: ”Give all the arguments of the users from Europe against genetic modified food.
Using Semantic Wikis for Structured Argument in Medical Domain
Consider the debate regarding the topic of vaccination and whether it can cause autism in children.
Using Semantic Wikis for Structured Argument in Medical Domain
The hypothesis is attacked by a pediatrician who instantiates the argument from expert opinion pattern (see figure 3). A different opinion is given by a mother who correlates the MMR vaccine with autism, by filling the template for cause to effect argumentation scheme.
Using Semantic Wikis for Structured Argument in Medical Domain
We study the effect of vaccination on robustness of networks against propagating attacks that obey the susceptible-infected-removed model.
Robustness of networks against propagating attacks under vaccination strategies
By extending the generating function formalism developed by Newman (2005), we analytically determine the robustness of networks that depends on the vaccination parameters.
Robustness of networks against propagating attacks under vaccination strategies
In particular, under vaccination strategies, we analytically obtained the second critical infection rate above which the residual network is disintegrated.
Robustness of networks against propagating attacks under vaccination strategies
The first critical point of the SF network depends crucially on whether the effect of the vaccines is perfect or leaky.
Robustness of networks against propagating attacks under vaccination strategies
Even under the degree-based defense, the leaky vaccines cannot prevent a global outbreak on heterogeneous networks.
Robustness of networks against propagating attacks under vaccination strategies
We also found that, under a trade-off between the number and efficiency of vaccines, it is better to administer a small number of vaccines with high efficiency than vice versa to prevent the residual network from being disintegrated.
Robustness of networks against propagating attacks under vaccination strategies
An example of a situation where this assumption might fail is a vaccine trial where there is “herd” immunity.
General theory for interactions in sufficient cause models with dichotomous exposures
Network resilience is of particular importance in epidemiology, where “removal” of vertices in a contact network might correspond for example to vaccination of individuals against a disease.
The structure and function of complex networks
An interesting combination of the ideas of epidemiology with those of network resilience explored in the preceding section arises when one considers vaccination of a population against the spread of a disease.
The structure and function of complex networks
Vaccination can be regarded as the removal from a network of some particular set of vertices, and this in turn can be modeled as a site percolation process.
The structure and function of complex networks
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