proof

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  Kiln Door Construction. Doors Seated. Fire-proof Construction
• WordNet 3.6
  • adj proof (used in combination or as a suffix) able to withstand "temptation-proof","childproof locks"
  • v proof make resistant (to harm) "proof the materials against shrinking in the dryer"
  • v proof activate by mixing with water and sometimes sugar or milk "proof yeast"
  • v proof read for errors "I should proofread my manuscripts"
  • v proof knead to reach proper lightness "proof dough"
  • v proof make or take a proof of, such as a photographic negative, an etching, or typeset
  • n proof the act of validating; finding or testing the truth of something
  • n proof a trial photographic print from a negative
  • n proof any factual evidence that helps to establish the truth of something "if you have any proof for what you say, now is the time to produce it"
  • n proof (printing) an impression made to check for errors
  • n proof a formal series of statements showing that if one thing is true something else necessarily follows from it
  • n proof a measure of alcoholic strength expressed as an integer twice the percentage of alcohol present (by volume)
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• Interesting fact: Bullet proof vests, fire escapes, windshield wipers and laser printers were all invented by women.
• • Proof (Math) A process for testing the accuracy of an operation performed. Cf. Prove v. t., 5.
  • Proof (Print) A trial impression, as from type, taken for correction or examination; -- called also proof sheet.
  • Proof Any effort, process, or operation designed to establish or discover a fact or truth; an act of testing; a test; a trial. "For whatsoever mother wit or art
    Could work, he put in proof .""You shall have many proofs to show your skill.""Formerly, a very rude mode of ascertaining the strength of spirits was practiced, called the proof ."
  • Proof Armor of excellent or tried quality, and deemed impenetrable; properly, armor of proof.
  • Proof Being of a certain standard as to strength; -- said of alcoholic liquors.
  • Proof Firm or successful in resisting; as, proof against harm; waterproof; bombproof. "I . . . have found thee Proof against all temptation.""This was a good, stout proof article of faith."
  • Proof Firmness of mind; stability not to be shaken.
  • Proof That degree of evidence which convinces the mind of any truth or fact, and produces belief; a test by facts or arguments that induce, or tend to induce, certainty of the judgment; conclusive evidence; demonstration. "I'll have some proof .""It is no proof of a man's understanding to be able to confirm whatever he pleases."
  • Proof The quality or state of having been proved or tried; firmness or hardness that resists impression, or does not yield to force; impenetrability of physical bodies.
  • Proof Used in proving or testing; as, a proof load, or proof charge.
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• Interesting fact: There is no solid proof of who built the Taj Mahal.
• • n proof Any effort, act, or operation made for the purpose of ascertaining any truth or fact; a test; a trial: as, to make proof of a person's trustworthiness or courage.
  • n proof Evidence and argumentation putting the conclusion beyond reasonable doubt; demonstration, perfect or imperfect.
  • n proof A thing proved or tried; truth or knowledge gathered by experience; experience.
  • n proof The state of having been tested and approved; firmness, hardness, or impenetrability: specifically applied to arms or armor of defense, to note that they have been duly tested and are impenetrable.
  • n proof In law: The convincing effect of evidence; the manifestation of the truth of a proposition by presenting the reasons for assenting to it; such an array of evidence as should determine the judgment of the tribunal in regard to a matter of fact. In criminal cases, to be effectual as proof, the evidence must satisfy beyond a reasonable doubt. In civil cases it is enough that the evidence preponderates.
  • n proof plural In equity practice, the instruments of evidence in their documentary form, as depositions, deeds, etc., received in a cause.
  • n proof The presentation of sufficient evidence: as, the burden of proof lies with the plaintiff. Proof is either written or parole. The former consists of records, deeds, or other writings; the latter of the testimony of witnesses personally appearing in court or before a proper officer, and, as a rule, sworn to the truth of what they depose. In this sense the word is used to designate either the task of going forward with the giving of evidence at the trial or the task of satisfying the minds of the jury. Owing to the different functions of the judge and the jury, the distinction is of great practical importance, because when the plaintiff has given evidence which would entitle him if unanswered to go to the jury, it is proper for him to tell counsel that the burden of proof is on defendant, meaning that if the defendant adduces no evidence the plaintiff will be entitled to have the case submitted to the jury; but it is error for him thereupon, whether defendant offers evidence or not, to tell the jury that the burden of proof is on defendant to contradict plaintiff's case, for, considered as a task of satisfying the jury, the burden of proof remains upon the plaintiff throughout. The burden of proof is never on the defendant in this sense, except in respect to an affirmative defense in avoidance as distinguished from a denial.
  • n proof In Scots law, the taking of evidence by a judge upon an issue framed in pleading. Sometimes disputed facts may be sent to a jury, but, except in actions of damages, a proof is almost invariably the course adopted. … The evidence as the proof is taken down in shorthand, and counsel are heard at the close. Henry Goudy.
  • n proof A test applied to manufactured articles or to natural substances prepared for use; hence, the state of that which has undergone this test, or is capable of undergoing it satisfactorily. Compare armor of proof.
  • n proof In alcoholic liquors, the degree of strength which gives a specific gravity of 0.920. See II., 2. Liquors lighter than this are said to be above proof, and heavier liquors are below proof. See overproof and underproof.
  • n proof In printing, a trial impression from composed type, taken for correction. Generally a number of successive proofs are read before the matter is ready for the press, corrections being made first in the printing-office until what is technically called a clean proof can be submitted to the author. The final proof is called a press-proof or a foundry-proof, the first being used of letterpress work, and the latter of plate-work.
  • n proof In engraving and etching, an impression taken from an engraved plate to show its state during the progress of executing it; also, an early and superior impression, or one of a limited number, taken before the title or inscription is engraved on the plate, and known as proof before letter. There may be first, second, and third proofs, marking successive states of the work. See also artist's proof, India proof, proof with open letters, and proof with remarque, below.
  • n proof In numismatics, any early impression struck at the mint from a coin-die used for producing the current coins of the realm. Proofs are often distinguished from the coins struck off for actual currency by having their edges left plain instead of being milled or inscribed. They are also often struck in a metal of greater or less value than that which is proper to the current coin: thus, there are gold, silver, and bronze proofs of the English copper farthing issued by George III. in 1799. Compare pattern, 8.
  • n proof In bookbinding, the rough uncut edges of the shorter leaves of a trimmed book, which prove that the book has not been cut down too much.
  • n proof In arithmetic, an operation serving to check the accuracy of the calculation.
  • n proof Proof independent of experience.
  • n proof Synonyms Experiment, essay, ordeal.
  • n proof Testimony, etc. (see evidence and inference), demonstration, certification.
  • proof Impenetrable; able to resist, physically or morally: as, water-proof, fire-proof, shot-proof, bribe-proof: often followed by to or against before the thing resisted.
  • proof Noting alcoholic liquors which have the specific gravity 0.91984, usually considered as 0.920, which is sufficiently accurate for practical purposes. Such spirits contain 0.495 of their weight, or 0.5727 of their volume, of absolute alcohol. The strength is usually determined by a hydrometer. See alcoholometry, overproof, and underproof.
  • proof Of excellent quality: said of land.
  • n proof An assay of a bullion of known composition placed in the muffle with the other assays in order to determine the difference in weight due to the loss of silver by volatilization and absorption by the cupel.
  • n proof In photography, a trial print from a negative.
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• Interesting fact: To determine the percentage of alcohol in a bottle of liquor divide the proof by two.
• • n Proof prōōf that which proves or establishes the truth of anything: test: : : : : :
  • adj Proof firm in resisting: noting alcoholic liquors having the specific gravity 0.920:—pl. Proofs
  • n Proof prōōf (obs.) experience: experiment: any process to discover or establish a truth: that which convinces: demonstration: evidence which convinces the mind: state of having been proved
  • n Proof prōōf (pl.) in equity practice, the instruments of evidence in their documentary form
  • n Proof prōōf (Scots law) the taking of evidence by a judge upon an issue framed in pleading: a test, hence 'Armour of proof,' armour proved to be trustworthy
  • n Proof prōōf (arith.) an operation checking the accuracy of a calculation: firmness of mind: a certain strength of alcoholic spirits
  • n Proof prōōf (print.) an impression taken for correction, also 'proof-sheet:' an early impression of an engraving—'proof before letter'=one taken before the title is engraved on the plate
  • n Proof prōōf (phot.) the first print from a negative
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• William Cowper

  

  “Absence of proof is not proof of absence.”
• Benjamin Franklin

  

  “The proof of gold is fire...”
• Traditional Saying

  

  “For those who believe, no proof is necessary. For those who don't believe, no proof is possible.”
• Elton Trueblood

  

  “Faith is not belief without proof, but trust without reservation.”
• French Proverb

  

  “Laughing is not always the proof of a mind at ease.”
• Roland Barthes

  

  “Literature is without proofs. By which it must be understood that it cannot prove, not only what it says, but even that it is worth the trouble of saying it.”

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